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Latest CT-AI Test Format - New CT-AI Exam Preparation

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ISTQB CT-AI Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic
Details

Topic 1

Test Environments for AI-Based Systems: This section is about factors that differentiate the test environments for AI-based

Topic 2

systems from those required for conventional systems.

Topic 3

Neural Networks and Testing: This section of the exam covers defining the structure and function of a neural network including a DNN and the different coverage measures for neural networks.

Topic 4

ML: Data: This section of the exam covers explaining the activities and challenges related to data preparation. It also covers how to test datasets create an ML model and recognize how poor data quality can cause problems with the resultant ML model.

Topic 5

Using AI for Testing: In this section, the exam topics cover categorizing the AI technologies used in software testing.

Topic 6

Introduction to AI: This exam section covers topics such as the AI effect and how it influences the definition of AI. It covers how to distinguish between narrow AI, general AI, and super AI; moreover, the topics covered include describing how standards apply to AI-based systems.

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ISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing Exam Sample Questions (Q107-Q112):

NEW QUESTION # 107
Upon testing a model used to detect rotten tomatoes, the following data was observed by the test engineer, based on certain number of tomato images.

For this confusion matrix which combinations of values of accuracy, recall, and specificity respectively is CORRECT?
SELECT ONE OPTION

A. 1,0.87,0.84
B. 1,0.9, 0.8
C. 0.87.0.9. 0.84
D. 0.84.1,0.9

Answer: C

Explanation:
To calculate the accuracy, recall, and specificity from the confusion matrix provided, we use the following formulas:
* Confusion Matrix:
* Actually Rotten: 45 (True Positive), 8 (False Positive)
* Actually Fresh: 5 (False Negative), 42 (True Negative)
* Accuracy:
* Accuracy is the proportion of true results (both true positives and true negatives) in the total population.
* Formula: Accuracy=TP+TNTP+TN+FP+FN ext{Accuracy} = rac{TP + TN}{TP + TN + FP + FN}Accuracy=TP+TN+FP+FNTP+TN
* Calculation: Accuracy=45+4245+42+8+5=87100=0.87 ext{Accuracy} = rac{45 + 42}{45 + 42
+ 8 + 5} = rac{87}{100} = 0.87Accuracy=45+42+8+545+42=10087=0.87
* Recall (Sensitivity):
* Recall is the proportion of true positive results in the total actual positives.
* Formula: Recall=TPTP+FN ext{Recall} = rac{TP}{TP + FN}Recall=TP+FNTP
* Calculation: Recall=4545+5=4550=0.9 ext{Recall} = rac{45}{45 + 5} = rac{45}{50} = 0.9 Recall=45+545=5045=0.9
* Specificity:
* Specificity is the proportion of true negative results in the total actual negatives.
* Formula: Specificity=TNTN+FP ext{Specificity} = rac{TN}{TN + FP}Specificity=TN+FPTN
* Calculation: Specificity=4242+8=4250=0.84 ext{Specificity} = rac{42}{42 + 8} = rac{42}{50} = 0.84Specificity=42+842=5042=0.84 Therefore, the correct combinations of accuracy, recall, and specificity are 0.87, 0.9, and 0.84 respectively.
References:
* ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus, Section 5.1, Confusion Matrix, provides detailed formulas and explanations for calculating various metrics including accuracy, recall, and specificity.
* "ML Functional Performance Metrics" (ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus, Section 5).

NEW QUESTION # 108
Consider an AI-system in which the complex internal structure has been generated by another software system. Why would the tester choose to do black-box testing on this particular system?

A. Black-box testing eliminates the need for the tester to understand the internal structure of the AI-system
B. Test automation can be built quickly and easily from the test cases developed during black-box testing
C. The tester wishes to better understand the logic of the software used to create the internal structure
D. The black-box testing method will allow the tester to check the transparency of the algorithm used to create the internal structure

Answer: A

Explanation:
The syllabus explains:
"Where the internal structure of an AI-based system is too complex for humans to understand, the system can only be tested as a black box. Even when the internal structure is visible, this provides no additional useful information to help with testing." This confirms that black-box testing is chosen because the tester does not need to understand the system's internal structure.
(Reference: ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus v1.0, Section 8.5, page 61 of 99)

NEW QUESTION # 109
Which option gives the correct values for accuracy and precision from the confusion matrix?
Choose ONE option (1 out of 4)

A. Accuracy = 80%, Precision = 75%
B. Accuracy = 80%, Precision = 50%
C. Accuracy = 50%, Precision = 75%
D. Accuracy = 75%, Precision = 80%

Answer: A

Explanation:
From the confusion matrix:
* True Positives (TP) = 15
* False Positives (FP) = 5
* False Negatives (FN) = 15
* True Negatives (TN) = 65
Accuracy= (TP + TN) / Total
= (15 + 65) / 100
=80%
Precision= TP / (TP + FP)
= 15 / (15 + 5)
= 15 / 20
=75%
Section3.2 - Functional Performance Criteriain the syllabus explains accuracy and precision exactly these ways when evaluating ML classification performance.
Option B is therefore the only correct pair of values.

NEW QUESTION # 110
A system was developed for screening the X-rays of patients for potential malignancy detection (skin cancer).
A workflow system has been developed to screen multiple cancers by using several individually trained ML models chained together in the workflow.
Testing the pipeline could involve multiple kind of tests (I - III):
I.Pairwise testing of combinations
II.Testing each individual model for accuracy
III.A/B testing of different sequences of models
Which ONE of the following options contains the kinds of tests that would be MOST APPROPRIATE to include in the strategy for optimal detection?
SELECT ONE OPTION

A. I and III
B. Only III
C. Only II
D. I and II

Answer: D

Explanation:
The question asks which combination of tests would be most appropriate to include in the strategy for optimal detection in a workflow system using multiple ML models.
* Pairwise testing of combinations (I): This method is useful for testing interactions between different components in the workflow to ensure they work well together, identifying potential issues in the integration.
* Testing each individual model for accuracy (II): Ensuring that each model in the workflow performs accurately on its own is crucial before integrating them into a combined workflow.
* A/B testing of different sequences of models (III): This involves comparing different sequences to determine which configuration yields the best results. While useful, it might not be as fundamental as pairwise and individual accuracy testing in the initial stages.
:
ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus Section 9.2 on Pairwise Testing and Section 9.3 on Testing ML Models emphasize the importance of testing interactions and individual model accuracy in complex ML workflows.

NEW QUESTION # 111
Which of the following is a dataset issue that can be resolved using pre-processing?

A. Wanted outliers
B. Numbers stored as strings
C. Insufficient data
D. Invalid data

Answer: B

Explanation:
Pre-processing is an essential step in data preparation that ensures data is clean, formatted correctly, and structured for effective machine learning (ML) model training. One common issue that can be resolved during pre-processing isnumbers stored as strings.
Explanation of Answer Choices:
* Option A: Insufficient data
* Incorrect. Pre-processing cannot resolve insufficient data. If data is lacking, techniques like data augmentation or external data collection are needed.
* Option B: Invalid data
* Incorrect. While pre-processing can identify and handle some forms of invalid data (e.g., missing values, duplicate entries), it does not resolve all invalid data issues. Some cases may require domain expertise to determine validity.
* Option C: Wanted outliers
* Incorrect. Pre-processing usually focuses on handling unwanted outliers. Wanted outliers may need to be preserved, which is more of a data selection decision rather than pre-processing.
* Option D: Numbers stored as strings
* Correct. One of the key functions of data pre-processing isdata transformation, which includes converting incorrectly formatted data types, such as numbers stored as strings, into their correct numerical format.
ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus References:
* Data Pre-Processing Steps:"Transformation: The format of the given data is changed (e.g., breaking an address held as a string into its constituent parts, dropping a field holding a random identifier, converting categorical data into numerical data, changing image formats)".

NEW QUESTION # 112
......

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